What is Cholera Disease - Signs and Symptoms of Cholera

Cholera is an acute infectious disease of the small intestine caused by bacteria (Vibrio cholerae).

Cholera produces an intestinal toxin that triggers an outpouring of watery fluid from the walls of the intestine.

Cholera symptoms

Symptoms of cholera are severe diarrhea and vomiting, with massive loss of body fluids, muscle cramps, and shock caused by dehydration.

How is Cholera Transmitted?

Cholera is transmitted by water, milk, or other foods, especially shellfish that have been contaminated by the feces of infected persons.

Cholera is mainly an epidemic tropical disease in Asia and Africa.

How is cholera treated?

The cholera patient requires replacement of fluids by drinking or by intravenous injection to counteract the dehydration.

Antibiotic drugs are also prescribed.

During the recovery period, glucose and potassium tablets may be given.

When    proper treatment is available, it is usually effective and the patient recovers completely within two weeks. 

Even when treated, the death rate in adults is about 5 percent and in children 10 percent.

How can cholera be prevented?

People in epidemic areas are advised to avoid unsterilized water, fresh fruit, and shellfish.

Cholera vaccinations provide some protection for at least three months.

These vaccinations consist of two injections given one to four weeks apart.